Health & Safety on Site

How the right to refuse unsafe work runs in Canada: the two-stage process, anti-reprisal protection, Alberta's narrower undue-hazard test, and how to handle it.

The daily safety baseline for Canadian sites: the PPE duties split across employer, supervisor and worker, plus how to run toolbox talks that hold up.

Constructor, employer, supervisor and worker duties for Canadian trades: the competent-person test, Quebec R-20 and how the due-diligence defence is built.

Minimum age for construction by province, the tasks under-18s cannot do, why BC counts under-25 as young, and your duty to orient and supervise new workers.

Working at height in a Canadian winter: the 3-metre fall trigger still applies, plus ice, snow load, grip loss and the cold-ready rescue plan you need.

Excavation safety for Canadian trades: the mandatory locate via Ontario One Call, the 1.2m protective-system trigger, sloping, shoring and the cave-in that kills.

How safety law works in Canada: fourteen provincial OHS jurisdictions, the Internal Responsibility System, the three worker rights and how a work refusal runs.

Fall protection in Canada: the 3 metre trigger, when any height counts, BC written plans at 7.5m, Ontario Working at Heights training and restraint vs arrest.

The long-term dust hazards in Canadian trades: silica OELs and Ontario O. Reg. 833, the 0.1 f/cc asbestos limit, WHMIS 2015 duties and the controls that work.

Reporting a critical injury or fatality in Canada, the OHS penalty regime including Ontario's $2,000,000 max, the Westray criminal law and naloxone on ON sites.

WHMIS 2015 for Canadian trades: the supplier-versus-employer split, your four duties, the 16-section SDS, the nine pictograms and what non-compliance costs.

What COR (Certificate of Recognition) is, why general contractors demand it, the provincial certifying bodies, the SECOR small-firm route and WCB rebates.

The two reporting duties after a workplace injury in Canada: the OHS regulator notification and the separate Workers' Comp claim report, with deadlines.

How Canada's OHS law covers cold work: the employer duty, the provincial patchwork, hypothermia and frostbite, warm-up plans and the right to refuse.